硅藻精土混凝-特种菌降解联合工艺处理采油污水应用研究.pdf

国内图书分类号:X703.
国际图书分类号:628.16.08
工程硕士学位论文
硅藻精土混凝-特种菌降解联合工艺
处理采油污水应用研究
硕士研究生:缪
导
师:金文标副教授
副导师:张立奎教授
申请学位:工稈硕士
学科、专业:坏境工程
所在单位:深圳市环境监察支队
答辩日期:2008年06月
授予学位单位:哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: X703. 1
U.D.C:628.16.08
Dissertation for the Master Degree of Engineering
(Engineering Master
APPLICATONAL STUDY ON THIE
TREATMENTOFOLY WASTEWATER
BY COMBINED PROCESS OF REFINED
DATOMI,E COAGULATON AND
SPECIFIC BACTERIUM
Candidate
1a0 Yixiang
Su
upervisors
Associate Prof Jin Wenbiao
Associate Supervisor:
Prof Zhang Likui
Academic Degree Applied for: Master of Engineering
Specialty
Environmental Engineering
Shenzhen city environmental
Affiliation
monitoring unit
Idate of Defence
A une. 2008
Degree-conferring-institution: Harbin Institute of Technology
哈尔浜工业大学工程硕士学位论文
摘要
随着我国石油产量的逐年増加,采油污水的排放量日益増大,对环境的危
害也口趋出重。采油污水中成份复杂,且不同油区含油污水的成分也有很大差
別。采油污水处理日标是既要去除水中的大量油类,同吋兼去除水中溶解性
有机物,悬浮物、皂类、酸碱、硫化物、氮氮等,处理难度大,往往需要多种
方法组合使用,如分离、气浮法、化学法、生化法、膜法、氧化法、败附法等。
采出水的排放达标问题已经成为困扰油田发展的一大难题。
本文以胜利油田狐岛采油狐五联合站采油污水为研究对象,首先考察了
在特定的工况下气浮法对含聚采油污水污染物的去除效果,并进行特种菌驯化
筛选,以及现场动态试验,其后又对硅精土混凝工艺处理采油污水进行技术
及经済分析,确定了最佳处理工艺。取得了以下的研究成果
考察了气浮工艺对采油污水中污染物去除效果,试验表明气浮对石油类的
去除率平均达到91.03%,同时对SS、 COD、BOD3等也有显著效果,但是对
IN、TP、NH4+-N等的去除效果不是很明显。
考察了PAC、PFS及硅藻精土等泥凝剂刈米油废水的处理效果,硅藻精土
处理后水透光率高达88.9%,远远高于其他混凝剂,同时综合考虑其它各种因
素,继而确定硅藻精士为采油污水处理剂。
考察了硅藻精土处理剂对采油污水的处理效果,确定混凝最佳条件为:混
凝剂的投量依括原水情况米确定,平均为150mgL:高速搅拌速度为200 r/min,
高速搅拌时间为1min,低速搅拌速度为100rmin,低速搅拌时间为3min,试
验沉淀时问为30min
研究了pH值、温度、盐度等因素对硅藻精土混凝处理效果的影。试验表
明硅藻精土处理剂的应用范用很广,在定范围内pH值及温度等因素对其影响
筛选获得6株特种菌,可有效降解采油污水中的难降解有机物,有效去除
CODC.,混合菌种协同作用去除率达到60%以上。
场试验表明,含聚采油污水经硅藻精土混凝-特种菌生化工艺处理后,可
以达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB18918-2002)》一级B标准
哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文
关键词采油污水:硅藻精士;特种菌
哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文
Abstract
As the oil production increasing, oily wastewater greatly increased that caused a
greater environmental problem. Oil wastewater contains many kinds of pollutants
such as oil, SS, nutrition and so on, which can not be removed easily using single
treatment process. Usually we combine two or even more technics to treat the oi
wastewater There is still no an economic and environmental method to treat it
effectively that can satisfy outlet standard. So this has been a great limit factor in oi
production. Many studies are still going on this field but floating-coagulation technic
to treat oily wastewater is rarely used
In the thesis, using olly wastewater from Gudao oil extraction plant in Shengl
oil field as study object, firstly investigate floating to treat oily watewater, and then
do experimentation using refined diatomite as coagulant to treat the wastewater after
being treated by floating system. The influence extent of medicament variety
adding quantity, PH, temperature, speed and time of agitation in coauglation are
investigated and so on. Totally speaking, the thesis includes the following aspects
Through investigation of experiment, the floating system is effectively to
remove oil polymer, the removal efficiency can reach 91.03% averagely, and also can
greatly remove SS, CODC, BODS, but not so evidence in removing TN, TP and
NHA -N
Through coagulation tests, refined