维普资讯htp:
生态与农村环境学报2007,23(3):86-89
Journal of Ecology and Rural Enuironmen
生态学范式下的清洁生产、产业生态和循环经济分析
宋涛2,韩良3,佟连军2,李名升2(1.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012;2.中国科
学院研究生院,北京10009;:3.吉林省长春市发展和改革委员会,吉林长春130022)
摘要:运用生态学理论,从个体生态、种群生态、群落生态和生态系统生态4个生态学尺度上对清洁生产、产业生态和循环经济进
行类比分析,论述了清洁生产与个体生态学、生态产业与种群生态学和群落生态学、循环经济与生态系统生态学的内在联系及3
者之问的相容和递进关系,指出当前清洁生产和产业生态研究与实践中存在的局限性、认为提高清洁生产实施的层次,扩大清洁
生产实施的范围,将产业生态研究上升到产业生态系统层面是清洁生产和产业生态未来研究和实践的方向,3者在不同层面的实
践将最终推动人类不断接近可持续发展的理想目标。
关键词:生态学;清洁生产;产业生态;循环经济
中图分类号;Q149;FO62.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1673-4831(2007)03-0086-04
Analyzing Cleaner Production, Industrial Ecology and Circular Economy Upon Ecological Paradigm. SONG To2, HAN Liang
TONG Liann 2, L Ming-sheng(1 Nor heast Inst iue of Geography and A culural Ecology Chinese Academy of Seienees, Chang
chun 10012 China 2. Graae School of hinese Academ of ciences Beijing 100039 China; han chun evelopment and Reform
Commission of Jilin Province, Changchun 130022, China)
Abstract: With the aid of ecolo cal theories, analogical analysis of cleaner production, industrial ecology and cireular economy was done on
four ecological scales, individual, population, community and ecosystem. Intemal relationships were discussed between cleaner production
and individual ecology, between ecological industry and population ecology&community ecology, as well as between circular economy and e-
cos stem ecology, clarifying that the three patterns were compatible and that progressive relationships existed between them. From the view of
ecological theory, they were three analogs, that is, cleaner production had an analogy to individual ecology, industrial ecology did to popul
tion ecology, and above said analogy also existed between circular economy and ecosystem ecology. Based on the findings, limitations existing
in the research and pctice of cleaner in an n a w nl zd. I i s one at in future cleaner prouction
should be implemented at a higher level and in a arer oe, that the study of industrial ecology should be conducted at the industrial eco-
system level. From the angle of sustainable development, the practices of cleaner production, industrial ecology and circular economy at dif-
erent
levels and scopes will eventually propel man steadily towards his ultimate ideal goal of sustainable development
Key words: ecology; cleaner production industrial ecology; circular economy
随着可持续发展研究的不断推进,人们逐步认识到自然等也分别应用生态学理论对生态产业和循环经济进行分
生态系统是目前所见的唯一具有可持续性活力的生产系统,析和阐述。尽管上述研究分别从不同的侧面涉猎到本研究
而人类活动的生物物理基质同样服从于自然生态系统的规的主题,但真正在生态学范式下对清洁生产、产业生态和循
律,因此仿照自然生态系统,借鉴生态学的概念和方法来研环经济作以整合性类比分析的报道尚未见过。
究和重建人类经济系统的循环与秩序是符合逻辑而具有操
基于60a来在自然生态系统研究方面获得的大量知识
作性的们。清洁生产( cleaner production)、产业生态( indus
这一分析是值得开展的。从理论上而言,无疑向自然生态系
trial ecology)和循环经济( circular economy)分别从不同层面
统学习的最初基石已经奠定,但分析其在不同层次经济社会
对可持续发展予以实践,其中产业生态明确而有意识地引人
了起源于生物系统的生态学概念,循环经济思想中暗含者生域的实际运用一切都还刚刚开始。因此,深人挖掘不同层
态学的隐喻。清洁生产、产业生态和循环经济本质都属于可次自然生态系统与复合生态系统之间类比的关联性、丰富性
持续发展范畴,从这一广泛的框架出发,3者之间存在有机的以及应用中存在的局限性,显得特别必要。更为重要的是
内在联系并皆可以从生态学中得到有益借鉴。
从对自然生态系统运行与调节机制的认识中可获得有益于
关于清洁生产、产业生态以及循环经济3者之间的相容复合生态系统可持续发展的知识。
与递进关系,国内外学者均有述及2-4。 GRAEDEL等S以
及 ERKMAN等?在产业生态学的早期开拓性工作中便将生甚金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(40571041)
态学概念引入产业系统研究。国内学者王灵梅等?和何翔收稿日期:200-08-28
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