无溶剂系统中固定化脂肪酶催化废油脂转酯生产生物柴油.pdf

第25卷第11期
催化学报
2004年11月
ol.25No.11
Chinese Journal of Cat alysis
N ovember 2004
文章编号:02539837(2004010006
研究论文:903~908
无溶剂系统中固定化脂肪酶催化废油脂转酯生产生物柴油
吴虹,宗敏华,娄文勇
华南理工大学生物工程系,广东广州510640)
摘要:探讨了尤溶剂系统屮固定化脂肪酶 Novozym435催化餐饮业废洲脂转酯产作:物柴油.反应副产物甘洲可吸附在固
定化海载体表,采用丙兩洮涤除去油可捉高醇的稳定性.适宜的醇/油だ尔比、海用量、反应温度和摇床转速分別为
6.6Ug,35~40℃和150r'min,不宜加水到反应体系中.采用分步加入甲醇的方式可减轮甲醇对悔的害作用.分別在反
应进行到6和14h时用丙酮除去酶表面的甘油,然后按/油摩尔比为1的比例加入甲醇继续反应,反应30h后产物中的脂
防酸屮磁含量为88.6%.连续反应300h后,晦活性基木没有下降
关键词:指肪晦,固定化晦,废油脂,转反应,生物柴油,无溶剂系统
中图分类号:0643/Q55
文献标识码:
Transesterification of Waste Oil to Biodiesel in Solvent Free System
Catalyzed by Immobilized Lipase
WU Hong, ZONG Minhua, LOU Wenyong
(erment Biotechnology, South Chin nier y ehnl Gu hu 0040, Guangong. h in
Abstract: The transesterificat ion of w aste oil to biodiesel in a solvent free syst em catalyzed by an immobilized Ir
pase Novozym 435 w as explored. The y product glycerol w as found to be adsorbed on the support and the stabil
ity of the immobilized ipase was en hanced by rinsing the enzyme wit h acetone. T he opt imal react ion condit ions
such as molar rat io of methanol to oil, enzyme amount, tem perature and shaking rate were 1, 6.6 U/, 35-40
C and 150 r/min, respect ively. W at er addition w as not favorable for the reaction. A three step methanolysis
prot ocol w as used to prot ect the immobilized lipase from inact ivat ion by met hanol. One molar equivalent of
met hanol was successively added at react ion time of 0, 6 and 14 h, by w hich a methyl ester content of 88.6% in
he reaction mix ture could be achieved after total reaction time of 30 h. Acet one w as used to remove glycero
from the enzyme surface at each st ep. The enzyme show ed no appreciab)le loss in act ivity after being cont inuously
operat ed for 300 h
Key words: lipase, immobilized enzy me, waste oil transesterificat ion, biodiesel, solvent free system
生物柴油,即长链脂肪酸单脂,是一种以动植物
口前生物柴油的⊥业生产均采用化学法,这种
油为原料生产的可再生的绿色能源.它不但可以方法存在醇必须大大过量、能耗高、产物难于叫收和
作为化石柴油的替代燃料,而且具有化石柴油无可废碱液污染环境等缺点?,并且对原料要求高,导
比拟的优良特性.随着石油资源的山益枯竭以及致生产成本过高(原料成本占总成本的75%左右)
人们环保意识的不断增强,近年来生:物柴油的生.产能否利用廉价的原料牛产生物柴油是牛物柴油能否
引起世界各国的广泛关注,并成为新能源开发的得到)泛应用的关键.法生产生.物柴油只有反应
个热点
条件温和、醇用量小、产物易分离及无污染物排放等
收稿日期:20040225.第一作者:吴虹,女,1971年生,博:研究生.
联系人:宗敏华.Tcd:(20)87111452;Fmail:btmizong@scut.crdu.cn
基金项目:广东省科投划资埸项日(2003C33102)
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